Referrals to Galveston’s Shriners Hospitals for Children
Shriners Hospitals are operated by the Shrine of
North America. All medical care provided at Shriners Hospital is
provided free of charge.
Children to the age of 18 years, who have
received a burn injury and live in North America, may be eligible for
treatment.
Emergency
Admissions
For emergency burn admissions, the referring
physician should telephone a physician at the Shriners Hospital in
Galveston and indicate the patient needs emergency care. Information
will be requested concerning the patient’s demographic information,
medical history and physical assessment including a description of the
burn injury. A Referral Sheet and a Burn Diagram will be filled out.
Phone - (409) 770-6773
Non-emergency Admissions
Non-emergency admission to the Galveston
Hospital is dependent on the medical needs of the patient and on the
availability of beds. Please fill out an Application form (English
/ Spanish) for non-emergency
admission to a Shriners Hospital.
Appointments for current patients only - (409)
770-6998
All other patient questions - (888) 215-3109
From Mexico - 001-888-215-3109
Foreign
Patient Requirements
The child's parent/guardian will need to
accompany the patient to the hospital. This is imperative for
treatments/surgical consents as well as for emotional and
psychological support for the patient during their stay. The
parent/guardian will be trained in the care of the patient and will be
responsible for care while the patient is an outpatient.
Although all medical treatment if provided free
of charge, the hospital cannot be responsible for any transportation,
food or lodging for the parent/guardian or for any expenses incurred
while a child is an outpatient in the United States.
A medical history of the child must be provided
(i.e. past/present diseases or conditions, previous surgeries,
hospitalizations, etc.).
Round trip transportation between the home
country and the United States, for the child and guardian must be
guaranteed prior to acceptance. Confirmation of this would be
copies of airline tickets or similar documents.
Please provide a letter from a local physician
stating that medical treatment is available for this child upon return
to his/her country.
Approximate costs while at Shriners Hospital
Costs for parent
lodging and meals may range from approximately $140.00 to $245.00 per
week depending on the place of lodging.
Burn Unit Referral Criteria
Burn injuries
that should be referred to a burn unit include the following:
Partial thickness burns
greater than 10% total body surface area (TBSA).
Burns that involve the
face, hands, feet, genitalia, perineum, or major joints.
Third-degree burns in any
age group.
Electrical burns,
including lightning injury.
Chemical burns.
Inhalation injury.
Burn injury in patients
with preexisting medical disorders that could complicate management,
prolong recovery, or affect mortality.
Any patients with burns
and concomitant trauma (such as fractures) in which the burn injury
poses the greatest risk of morbidity or mortality. In such cases, if
the trauma poses the greater immediate risk, the patient may be
initially stabilized in a trauma center before being transferred to a
burn unit. Physician judgment will be necessary in such situations
and should be in concert with the regional medical control plan and
triage protocols.
Burned children that are
in hospitals without qualified personnel or equipment for the care of
children.
Burn injury in patients
who will require special social, emotional, or long-term
rehabilitative intervention.
Hospital
Emergency Care
Assessment
Airway: Support or
provide airway and provide cervical spine protection.
Breathing: Assess
breathing and ventilation. Provide assistance as necessary.
Monitor chest movement with deep burns of the trunk. Administer
oxygen at a high flow.
Circulation: Assess
vital signs. Assess circulatory status of burned extremities by
monitoring distal pulses. Start IV access.
Disability: Assess
orientation and neurological status, associated injuries, hypoxia.
Exposure: Keep patient
warm.
Medical History and Head
to Toe Physical Exam with x-rays and laboratory assessment.
Assess Burn
Assess type of burn and
circumstances of injury.
Percent of burn injury
(% Total Body Surface Area Burn)
The Burn Diagram can be used to calculate burn size. Children are different than adults.
The outline of the
patient’s hand and fingers is equal to 1% of the body surface area
and can be used to calculate burn size. (An area the size of 2 of
the patient’s hands would be a 2% burn.)
Body Surface Area
nomogram: A patient’s height and weight are used to measure
Total Body Surface Area in centimeters squared.
Exposure of
Limited Duration to Lower Temperature (40-55°C)
Scalds, flash
burn without contact, weak chemical
Dull or
hyperactive pain, sensitive to air/temperature changes
Mottled, red
blanches red/pink, blisters, edema, serous exudate, moist
14-21 days
3rd
Degree
Full Thickness
Entire
epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue
Long duration of
exposure to high temperature
Immersion,
Flame, Electrical, Chemical
Painless to
touch and pinprick, May hurt at deep pressure
No blanching,
pale white, tan charred, hard, dry, leathery, Hair absent
Granulates,
Requires Grafting
4th
Degree
Underlying
structures of muscle or bone
Prolonged
duration of exposure to extreme heat
Electrical,
Flame, Chemical
Usually painless
Charred,
Skeletonized
Requires
Fasciectomy, Possible amputation
Fluid Resuscitation
The most important
aspect of early clinical management of the burn victim is fluid
resuscitation beginning within the first couple hours of burn
injury.
Adult resuscitation:
Ringers Lactate 2-4 ml
/ kg / %TBSA burned.
Give ½ of total volume
over the first 8 hours from time of burn injury.
Give second ½ of total
volume over the following 16 hours.